| A |
|
|
 |
Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI)
|
|
A heart attack that is in the process of occurring.
|
|
|
|
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD)
|
|
A degenerative condition of the macula (central retina) that is the most common
cause of vision loss in those 50 or older, with the disease affecting more than
10 million Americans. |
|
|
|
| Angiogenesis |
|
The process by which new blood vessels are formed. Tumor angiogenesis is the growth
of blood vessels from surrounding tissue to a solid tumor, a mechanism that is caused
by the release of chemicals by the tumor and that foster tumor vascularization and
expansion. |
|
|
|
| Anticoagulant |
|
A substance that prevents the clotting of blood. |
|
|
|
| Antiplatelet |
|
A substance that prevents blood platelets from clotting, thereby preventing blood
clots. |
|
|
|
| Atrial Fibrillation (AF) |
|
A disorder where the heart’s atria (two small upper chambers) quiver instead
of beating effectively. As a consequence, blood may pool and clot in the heart. |
|
| B |
|
|
|
| Blood Clot |
|
Synonymous with Thrombus |
|
| C |
|
|
|
| Clinical Trial |
|
A rigorously controlled test of a drug candidate or a new invasive medical devise
on humans. |
|
|
|
| Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) |
|
Narrowing and hardening (artherosclerosis) of the coronary arteries that reduces
the flow of blood to the heart muscle. These patients are at increased risk of developing
a heart attack, also known as an acute myocardial infarction, or AMI (when clot
forms over an unstable atherosclerotic plaque, severely blocking blood flow). |
|
|
|
| Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) |
|
Coronary Artery Disease. |
|
| D |
|
|
|
| Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) |
|
A blood clot that forms in the larger veins of the body, most commonly in the leg.
DVT is frequently a precursor of a pulmonary embolism. DVT and PE are commonly referred
to as VTE. |
|
|
|
| Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) |
|
Swelling of the retina in diabetes mellitus, due to leaking of fluid from blood vessels within the macula, thereby blurring vision. The macula is the central portion of the retina, upon which daytime vision, that we need for reading, driving, and seeing fine detail, depends. |
|
|
|
| Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) |
|
A complication of diabetes caused by damage to the tiny blood vessels inside the
retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. Diabetic retinopathy
is the leading cause of blindness in the working-age population. |
|
| E |
|
|
|
| Embolic stroke |
|
An ischemic stroke in which a clot forms, sometimes outside the brain, a piece breaks
off and is carried by the bloodstream to a different vessel in the brain where it
becomes lodged and cuts off the blood supply to the brain. |
|
|
|
| Embolism |
|
An embolism occurs when a blood clot breaks loose from its site of formation and
travels through the vascular system to a more distal site where it obstructs blood
flow. |
|
|
|
| EMEA |
|
European Agency for Evaluation of Medicinal Products. |
|
| F |
|
|
|
| FDA |
|
U.S. Food and Drug Administration, a Rockville, Maryland based agency responsible
for the drug approval process in the United States. |
|
| I |
|
|
|
| IND |
|
Investigational New Drug Application. If a new company wants to test a new drug
in human patients, an IND must be prepared and filed with the relevant authority
to request authorization to begin human testing of the drug. |
|
|
|
| Ischemia |
|
The condition where there is reduced or blocked blood flow to a tissue, which will
lead to ischemic tissue damage. |
|
|
|
| Ischemic heart disease |
|
A term often used interchangeably with coronary artery disease or coronary heart
disease, wherein narrowing and hardening (artherosclerosis) of the coronary arteries
leads to inadequate blood flow to the heart muscle. |
|
|
|
| Ischemic stroke |
|
A stroke caused by an obstruction of the inflow of arterial blood into the brain.
There are two main types of ischemic stroke: thrombotic strokes and embolic strokes. |
|
| K |
|
|
|
| KULeuven |
|
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. |
|
| L |
|
|
|
| LMWH |
|
Low Molecular Weight Heparin. |
|
| M |
|
|
|
| Macular Edema |
|
Swelling of the central retina (macula) that is responsible for central vision.
This can be caused by diabetic retinopathy, as well as other conditions. |
|
|
|
| Macular Hole (MH) |
|
A macular hole is a small break in the macula, which is located in the center of the eye's light-sensitive tissue called the retina. The macula provides the sharp, central vision we need for reading, driving, and seeing fine detail. A macular hole can cause blurred and distorted central vision. Macular holes are related to aging and usually occur in people over age 60. |
|
|
|
| Monoclonal Antibody (Mab) |
|
An antibody produced in a laboratory from a single clone that recognizes only one
antigen and used as a therapeutic molecules targeting antigens from diseased cells. |
|
|
|
| Myocardial Infarction (MI) |
|
An area of dead or dying tissue in the heart muscle (myocardium) resulting from
insufficient or absent blood flow. Synonymous with “heart attack”. |
|
| O |
|
|
|
| Ophthalmology |
|
The branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment
of disorders of the eye. |
|
|
|
| Orphan Drug Designation |
|
Special status afforded certain drug candidates with the potential to treat a rare
disease or condition. |
|
| P |
|
|
|
| Peripheral Arterial Occlusive Disease (PAOD) |
|
Also referred to as Peripheral Arterial Occlusion (PAO) or Peripheral Arterial Disease
(PAD), A condition associated with poor blood circulation in the legs that can lead
to amputation or death. |
|
|
|
| Placebo |
|
A medically inert substance given in connection with a controlled, double blinded
clinical study. |
|
|
|
| Placental Growth Factor (PlGF) |
|
A specific protein found in the body that is involved in the stimulation of new
blood vessel formation. Although a homologue to VEGF, PlGF binds only to VEGFR-1
(Flt-1) (unlike VEGF, which binds to VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2). |
|
|
|
| Plasmin |
|
A fibrin-digesting substance. |
|
|
|
| Plasminogen |
|
An inactive enzyme circulating in the blood which may be used to create plasmin. |
|
|
|
| Plasminogen activator |
|
An enzyme that converts plasminogen into plasmin. |
|
|
|
| Posterior Vitreous Detachment (PVD) |
|
The process whereby the vitreous (jelly-like substance that fills the center of
the eye) detaches, or peels off from the back of the eye, away from the retina. |
|
|
|
| Pre-Clinical Trial |
|
A laboratory test of a new drug candidate or a new invasive medical device on animals
or cell cultures that is conducted to gather evidence justifying a clinical trial. |
|
|
|
| Pulmonary Embolism (PE) |
|
Pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot that has formed elsewhere in the human
body dislodges from its site of formation and travels to the arterial blood supply
of one of the lungs where it causes obstruction of blood flow. PE and DVT are commonly
referred to collectively as VTE. |
|
| S |
|
|
|
| Stroke |
|
A stroke occurs when an artery carrying oxygen and nutrients to the brain is either
blocked by a blood clot or bursts. |
|
| T |
|
|
|
| Thrombocytopenia |
|
Low platelet concentration in the blood. |
|
|
|
| Thrombolysis |
|
The dissolution (breaking up) of a blood clot (thrombus). |
|
|
|
| Thrombolytic |
|
A pharmaceutical that can break up blood clots blocking the flow of blood to specific
tissues. |
|
|
|
| Thrombosis |
|
The formation of a blood clot locally within a blood vessel. |
|
|
|
| Thrombotic Disease |
|
A disease resulting from the formation of a blood clot in an artery or vein that
obstructs vascular blood flow in a certain part of the body, such as the brain,
heart or lungs. |
|
|
|
| Thrombotic strokes |
|
An ischemic stroke, which involves clots that form in the brain. |
|
|
|
| Thrombus |
|
A blood clot. |
|
|
|
| tPA |
|
Tissue Plasminogen Activator, an enzyme that exists in the human body and plays
a role in the dissolution of blood clots. |
|
| V |
|
|
|
| Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) |
|
A specific protein found in the body that is involved in the stimulation of new
blood vessel formation. The predominant receptors that VEGF binds to are called
VEGFR-1 (Flt-1) and VEGFR-2 (Flk-1). |
|
|
|
| Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) |
|
Obstruction or occlusion of a vein from a clot in the vascular system. VTE is used
to refer collectively to DVT and PE. |
|
|
|
| VIB |
|
Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology. |
All rights reserved © Thrombogenic 2006